Windows

Widows are operating system, which interface or interact between user and computer. It is a GUI (Graphical User Interface) operating system. A GUI means to interface or give the command by using graphics or image by the mouse. It is most popular and user friendly Operating system developed by Microsoft Corp. USA. There are different versions of Windows.

The first Version of windows is 3.11 or 3.x released in 1988. (It was DOS based)

The Second version is Windows' 95 released in 1995.

The Third version is Windows' NT released in 1995.

The fourth version is Windows' 98 released in 1998.

The fifth version is Windows 2000 Professional / Server released in 2000.

The sixth version is Windows XP or 2002 in 2002.

Now Windows 2003 is available in market.

Note: Now we are reading windows XP or Windows 2002.

 

Starting Windows

1. Boot the computer.

2. When booting is complete then select your user name and type the password.

3. If you type the correct password then windows desktop will appear.

Desktop: - The background area of the computer screen which contains the different icons, taskbar shortcut bar etc. It is just like a working table, where user can work.

Task Bar: The bar bottom of the desktop is called task bar which contains the Start button, Minimized application icons, Date and time etc.

Icons: Graphical images, which can be seen in computer, which can be used to interact with computer, are called icons. There are different types of icons.

1. System Icons

2. Folder Icons.

3. File Icons.

4. Menu Icons

5. Device Icons

1. System Icons: - The special icons, which either can be, remove or deleted. These icons specially work for the computer or system.

There are mainly four types of system icons can be seen in desktop.

i. My Computer: - It is system icons it contains the hardware devices or the devices are connected with it. We can see the all component from this folder.

ii. My Document: - This is also system folder, which stores the files, which are made by the user by default.

iii. Recycle Bin: it is just like a dustbin. It contains the all deleting or removing files from the computer. If you want to restore again then you can restore the file from the recycle bin. If you remove also from recycle bin then file will be removed permanently.

 iv. Network Neighbor Hood: - It is system icons, which can be used to net working the computer. It shows the computers in network.

2. Folder Icons: - All icons with yellow color, which contains the files and sub-folders.

3. File Icons: - Icons with different format, are the file icons, it indicates the type of files.

4. Menu Icons: - With icons contains the name of the command such as Start, run, help, file, edit, view etc are the menu icons.

5. Device Icons: - All icons for the device such as mouse, keyboard, modem etc. which can be seen from the control panel.

Turn off or Shutdown the Computer

 Steps:

1. Click on Start button

2. Click on Turn off the computer or Shut Down

Then Turn Off or Shut Down dialog box will appear

3. Click on Turn Off or Tick on Shut Down and Click on Ok button

Then your computer will be turn off then switch off the monitor.

Run Command

The Run Command lets you to start or open any application program on the computer.

Steps:

1. Click on Start button

2. Click on Run...

3. Type the file name or command at run text box.

4. At last click on Ok

Command or file name           Description

calc                                          To open Calculator

pbrush                                      To open MS-Paint

Notepad                                   To open Note Pad for text editor

Wordpad                                  To open Word pad document.

Mplayer2                                  To open media player ( for movie)

Explorer                                    To open windows explorer

c:\tt\tt                                        To open typing Tutor

C:\TypeShala\Typshala              To open typeshala

winword                                    To open MS- Word

excel                                         To open MS- Excel

powerpnt                                   To open power point

msaccess                                   To open msaccess

frontpg                                      To open ms-front page

pm70                                         To open page maker 7.0

photoshop                                 To open Photo shop

coreldrw                                    To open Corel draw

command                                  To open DOS window

Note: - Close all opening program by clicking close (X) button, which is far right top corner of the computer screen on the title bar. Or Click on File menu and Click on Exit

Or Press Alt + F4

If you want to save the document press Y and N for not save.

Search or Find command

 The search or find command lets you to find the file(s) or folder(s) from your computer.

Steps:

1.        Click on Start button

2.       Click on Find or search

3.       Click on For files of folders...

4.        Click on all File  and folders…  from window.

5.        Type the file name or folder name to which you want to find. You can also type the command or wild-characters.

6.        Then select required drive for searching

7.        Then Click on Find now or Search

Type:                    For

hari.txt                            To find the hari.txt file

T* .*  :-                 To find all files whose base name starts with T

t*.Txt                    Shows all files whose base name starts with T and .txt extension.

*.jpg                     Finds all image files from your computer.

*.*                        Show all files from your computer.

*.mp3                   All audio files ( Finds all audio files from the computer.

*.Dat                     All video files ( Finds all video files from the computer.

*.txt                      Finds all Text file for notepad

*.Doc                    Finds all the document file for ms-word

*.Xls                     Finds all the spreadsheet or ms-excel file

*.Ppt                     Finds all presentation or power point file.

*.mdb                   Finds all Microsoft Database file (MS-Access)

*.htm                    Finds all HTML files.

Note :- The file name of video files must be start with Avseq name.

Avseq*.dat            Show video files.

Control Panel

The control panel is an option, which lets you to setting or manages all hardware and software of the computer. It displays windows from where all hardware configurations can be seen.

Steps:

1.         Click on Start button

2.         Click on Settings

3.         Click on Control panel

Then, a Control Panel window will appear.

You can see the different icons. Which are given below:

Accessibility Option: - This option lets you to change the key stroke or mouse strokes. You can set the mouse button on the keyboard.

Steps:

1.         Single click at this icon

2.         Then press Enter key

3.         Click on Mouse option

4.         Tick on at MouseKeys.

5.         Click on Apply --> Ok

Add new Hardware:- It lets you to add new hardware in computer if necessary and remove hardware if not necessary.

Steps:

1.                 Double click or single click and press enter key to open it.

Add/Remove Programs: - It lets you to insert or install new software program on the computer and remove unnecessary programs from the computer.

Steps:

1.        Double click at it or single click on it and press Enter key.

2.        Select required program to remove and click on remove button or click on add for to install new program.

Date & Time  :- It lets you to set the date and time of the system.

Steps:

1.         Double click on it or single click and press enter key.

2.         Set the required time or date and click on Apply --> Ok button

Mouse : - The mouse option lets you to set the mouse button, double clicking speed, mouse pointer, mouse motion etc.

Steps:

1.         Double click on It or single click on it and press enter key.

2.         Set the mouse properties as you need.

3.         At last click on Apply ---> Ok Button

Keyboard :-  This option lets you to set the repeat rate, repeat delay, cursor blinking rate and language.          

Steps:

1.        Click on it and press enter key.

2.        Set the required option and click on Apply and Ok button

Font : - This option lets you to insert the new fonts on the computer.

Steps:

1.         Click on it and press enter key or double click on it.

2.         Click on File menu

3.         Click on Install new fonts

4.         Inset the source diskette or CD, which contains the fonts.

5.         Open the fonts select the fonts and click on Ok button

Modem :- It lets you to set the modem with your computer. The modem can be used for Internet dial. It is a device just like a telephone dial.

Sound and Audio Device

It lets you to set the sound or audio on your computer for any action or giving any commands.

Steps:

1.        Open it by clicking double click.

2.        Set the different sounds and click on Apply  and Ok button

Internet Option :-  The Internet option lets you to set the Internet settings.

Speech :- It lets to read and display the voice, which you have typed on the text box.

Steps:

1.        Double click on it or single click and press enter key.

2.        Type the text on the text box

3.        Click on the test speech.

Regional Setting : - It lets you to set the date, time, currency of any country and you can also select the country name. By default the American date, time, and currency is setting.

Steps:

1.         Open it by double clicking.

2.         Click on date to change the date format.

3.         Click on time to change the time format.

4.         Click on currency to change the currency.

5.         You can select the country name also.

6.         At last click on Apply then your computer will restart (reboot).

Display

The display option lets you to change the background of the desktop, Screen Saver, Appearance, effects and settings of the color etc.

Background: - Wall paper of the desktop or screen. You can put the photos or scenes.

Screen Saver : - An element which saves the screen when you leave the computer.

Appearance : - Appearance of the window changes the window appearance.

Effects : - To change the icons and animated text, or icons.

Setting  : - To change the setting of the color of the monitor.

System

It shows you all configuration of physical part of the computer, which is attached with your computer.

User Accounts

 The user account lets you to make a new user in windows. It lets you to make new user account and set the password, picture etc.

Steps:

1.         Double click on It to be open

2.         Click  on Create a new account

3.         Type the user name and click on Next button.

4.         Click on Create a Account then user account will create.

To Set the password

1.        Click on at user account name

2.        Click on create a password

3.        Type the password and again type conform password.

4.         At last Crete a password

To change the picture of the Account icon

1.        Click on Change the picture

2.        Select required picture

3.         Click on Change picture

Deleting user Accounting

1.        Click on user account name to which you want to delete.

2.        Click on Delete Account

3.        Click on Delete Files

Switch to the User

Steps:

1.        Click on Start button

2.        Click on Log off…

3.       Click on Switch User

4.        Select your Account name and type the password and press enter key.

Desktop Properties

You can change the background picture or wall paper of the desktop, screen saver, appearance and settings from the display properties dialog box, which you can open from control panel and desktop.

From Desk top

1.                 Right button click at desktop

2.                 Click on Properties

Then a display properties dialog box will appear. Set the different settings and click on Apply --> Ok button

Task Bar Properties

You can change the task bar properties or setting of the taskbar from the task bar property dialog box.

Steps:

1.                 Right button click at task bar.

2.                 Click on Properties

Or,

1. Click on Start menu

2. Click on Taskbar and Start menu

Then a task bar dialog box will appear

3.                 Tick on at required option check box (Such as Tick on Show clock then clock can be seen at task bar, if tick is removed then clock will disappear from task bar, Tick on Auto Hide the Task bar will be auto hide. if mouse pointer moves there then it will appear. To hide icons from the task bar then tick on interactive icons etc.)

4.                 Click on Start menu

5.                 Tick on Classic start menu  to display earlier style windows menu.

6.                 Click on Customize and tick on required option.

7.                 Click on Ok button

8.                 At last click on Apply button

9.                 Click on Ok button

Add Programs or Remove Programs from the 'Start Menu'.

Steps:

1.                 Click on Start button

2.                 Click on Settings

3.                  Click on Task bar and Start menu

4.                 Click on Start menu

5.                 Click on Customize

6.                 Click on Add

7.                 Click on Browse

8.                 Then select required file from the dialog box and click on Open

9.                 Click on Next  --> Next -->Finish

10.             Clicks on Ok --> Ok

Delete or remove program

Steps:

1.                 Right button click at required program or file.

2.                 Click on Delete

3.                 Click on Yes

Playing Audio and Video on the Computer From CD

Steps:

1.       Insert CD on the CD ROM.

2.       Click on Start button

3.       Click on Run

4.       Type Mplayer2 and click on Ok button.

5.       Click on File menu

6.       Click on Open

7.       Click on Browse

Then a browse dialog box will appear.

8.       Click on look in drop down list and select the CD Drive

9.       Select the Mpegav folder and click on Open.

10.   Select all or any file (*.*) from file dialog box.

11.   Then select required movie or audio file

12.   Click on Open àOK

If you want play automatically one after another. Flow the following steps:

1.       Insert the CD on the CD ROM

2.       Click on Start

3.       Click on Program

4.       Click on Windows Media Player

5.       Click on File

6.       Click on Open

Then a browse window will appear.

7.       Click on look in drop down list box and select CD drive or other drive (e.g C:, D:, E: etc), which contains the audio or video files.

8.       Select the mpegav folder and click on Open

9.       Select all or any files (*.*) from file type dialog box.

10.   Then select all files by press Ctrl + A key

11.   Click on Open

Some Commands

Press Alt + Enter                for Full Screen and

                                  exit full screen

Press  F9 key for decreasing volume sound

Press  F10 key for increasing volume sound

press Space bar for pause (stop)

Windows Explorer

It is a powerful tool of the windows. It is also called file manager. You can create file and folder, rename file and folder, delete or remove file and folder, copying files form one device to another device etc.

Steps To Start or open Windows Explorer

1.                 Click on Start  --> Run...

2.                 Type explorer and click on Ok button

Or,

1.                 Right button At start button

2.                 Click on Explorer

Or,

1.                 Right button click at My Computer folder at desktop

2.                 Click on Explorer

Or,

Press Windows key + E

Steps To Create or Make Folder

1.      Click on File menu on the windows explorer

2.      Click on New

3.      Click on Folder

Then a small fonder icon will appear with named new folder

4.      Type your folder name and press Enter key

Note : - To make a folder, Select required drive (e.g. C:, D:, E: ). You have to select D: drive

What is Folder?

Ans: Folder is an element, which contains or stores the files. It also contains the folder, which is called sub-folder. Or, folder within a folder is called sub-folder. Sub-folder also contains the file and other sub-folders.  You need to create or make the folder to store or save the different files (such as Video files from CD, Audio Files, your important data files etc.)

Creating or Making Files

 File: -File is a collection of related information or file is an element, which stores the data. In other words the data that we make on the document that need to store in the Disk by giving a name that is called file.

Steps to create file

1.     Open your drive or Folder to where you want to make file.

2.     Click on File menu

3.     Click on New…

4.     Select File type (or Application name) to make the file.

5.     Then a file icon will appear.

6.     Type your file name and press Enter key.

7.     If you want to type the data then double click on it to open.

Remember that you can make your file or folder on the desktop. Right button click and click on newà Select folder to make folder and select file for making files.

Renaming File or Folder

Steps:

1.     Select your file or folder and Right button Click

Or, Select your file or folder and Click on File menu

2.     Click on Rename

3.     Type New name and press Enter key.

Deleting or Removing File(s) or folder(s)

You can remove unnecessary files or folder from window. To remove the file or folder follows the steps:

1.     Select File(s) or Folder(s) to which you want remove

2.     Click on File à Delete  or, Press Delete key from keyboard.

3.     Click on Yes  or press 'Y' for yes

Copying file(s) or folder(s)

You need to copy file or folder from one device to another device, one folder to another folder. For example, bring CD from the market and copy the audio or video on your computer (hard disk) from that CD. Or copy your file from one folder to another (e.g. TNR to Tek folder). Remember that Copy means to make duplicate.

Steps:

1.     Insert source device (e.g. CD, Floppy) if you have

2.     Select your drive, folder and open the folder and select required file or folder to be copy.

3.     Click on Edit menu

4.     Click on Copy

Or, Press Ctrl + C

5.     Open your drive or folder to put the file or folder.

6.     Click on Edit

7.     Click on Paste

Or,  Press Ctrl + V

Moving File(s) or Folder(s) From one drive or folder to another

Steps:

1.       Select required file or folder

2.       Click on Edit menu

3.       Click on Cut

Or press Ctrl + X

4.       Select required folder to put that file or folder

5.       Click on Edit

6.       Click  on Paste

To Make Short cut on the Desktop

 If you want to put the file icon on the desktop follow the following steps:

1.        Select the file or folder and right button click on it.

2.        Click on Send to

3.       Click on Desk top Create short cut

To make Archive, Hidden, and Read only file.

Steps:

1. Select your File or folder.

2. Click on  Property

Then tick on required option from the property dialog box.

3. At last click on Apply --> Ok button.

Show Hidden files and  System and Read Only Files

Steps:

1.     Click on tools menu

2.     Click o Folder option

3.     Click on View

4.     Tick on Show the hidden files and system files.

5.     Click on Apply à Ok button

To view the files in Details

If you want to see the files modified date, file size, file type follows the following steps:

1.     Click on View menu

2.     Click on Detail

To View as a list

Steps:

1.     Click on View menu

2.     Click on List

To View as a thumbnails

Steps:

1.     Click on View menu

2.     Click on Thumbnails

To view as tiles  and icons

Steps:

1.     Click on View à Tiles or Icons

Arranging Files or Folder

If you want to see the files in alphabetical or numerical order then use the arrange command.

Steps:

1.     Click on View menu

2.     Click on Arrange by Icons

3.     Select required type.

To Show the capacity of the Hard Disk Drive(C:, D:  etc)

Steps:

1.     Right button click at Drive (C: D: etc)

2.     Click on Property

3.     Then see the property (capacity volume label) from the dialog box.

MS-Paint

It is a drawing application program developed by Microsoft Corp. USA. It comes with Windows. It can be used to draw circle, rectangle, line, building etc.

Starting MS-Paint

1.                 Click on start

2.                 Click on Run

3.                 Type pbrush

Then a ms-paint window will appear.

Pick the pencil tool and draw on the paint document.

The file format of the paint is *.bmp

Note Pad

It is a text editor application program developed by Microsoft Company USA. It comes with windows. It can be used to type simple text, or editor script tags or high-level language such as java.

Starting Notepad:

Steps:

1.                 Click on Start --> Run...

2.                 Type notepad and click on Ok button

The file format of the notepad is *.txt

Word Pad

It is word processing software program product by MS Corp. USA. It can be used to create small documents.  The file format of the word pad is *.doc or *.rtf.

Steps for starting

1.     Click on Start --> Run

2.     Type WordPad and click on Ok button.